Confirm that every gateway and every sensor supports AS923 before you order. A device built for another region will not work.
LoRa and LoRaWAN
LoRa is the radio modulation. LoRaWAN is the network layer defined by the LoRa Alliance. Devices send small uplinks that any gateway in range forwards to a network server, which passes decoded data on to applications.
Why the region plan matters
LoRaWAN uses licence-free sub-GHz bands that differ by country. Gateways and devices are built for a specific regional plan, and a device on the wrong plan will not communicate with a gateway on the right one. Malaysia uses the AS923 plan.
What to check before buying
Ask the supplier for the AS923 variant of each gateway and sensor, and confirm it in writing. Check the maximum payload and the data rate, because they affect how often a device may report.
Airtime and battery
Regulations and the network limit how long a device may transmit. Reporting more often shortens battery life and uses airtime. Choose a reporting interval that matches how quickly the value really changes.
What happens after the radio
A network server delivers each uplink with its payload bytes. A payload decoder turns those bytes into named values such as temperature or level. IoTServa receives the decoded data and applies the same tag model as every other protocol.